At this time, the spacecraft launched today (Tuesday) by the United Arab Emirates arrived on Mars, and in a few minutes it is expected to land on its land. The UAE is expected to make history when the al-Amal spacecraft, whose name means “Hope”, will land on the planet. This is the first inter-planetary mission of the Gulf state, and the first mission of an Arab state into deep space. Tomorrow morning China is expected to launch a similar spacecraft to Mars as well.
The orbital orbit entered orbit around Mars and before that – activated its main engines, in order to stop its speed, since it is enough that the star’s gravity will capture it in orbit.
The complex maneuver is the most crucial stage since the launch of the orbit. Activating the burners too early could have thrown it into orbit around the sun, while a slight delay could have crushed it across the planet. Al-Amal has entered its final orbit – between 20,000 and 43,000 km above Mars. It is expected to study the atmosphere of Mars, and map for two whole years the interrelationships between it and the solar wind and between it and land events on the ground, such as sandstorms.
As mentioned, by measuring the hydrogen and oxygen leakage today, the UAE hopes to shed new light on the conditions that prevailed on ancient Mars and the reasons for the loss of Mars’ atmosphere. Al-Amal is expected to broadcast information and data from May 2021 for at least two years, and the emirates plan to share their findings in real time with some 200 research institutes around the world, including with NASA.
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The spacecraft’s cruise to the red planet lasted 204 days, during which it traveled a distance of 494 million kilometers, at a speed of about 121,000 km / h, the size of “Hatikva” is the size of a car – 2.37 meters wide and 2.90 meters high. It weighs eight times as much. The Israeli “Genesis” – 1,350 kilograms, and is charged with 1,500 kilograms of fuel. It is made of aluminum plates, and solar panels are supposed to provide it with 600 watts when it attacks Mars and charge its operating batteries. Also, a 1.5 meter diameter plate antenna and three other small antennas will allow The communication with it.At the bottom of the probe are six propellers that will steer it to the desired trajectory and in its body are installed devices and cameras to collect the data.