the black hole at the heart of our galaxy is more explosive than we thought – Bisouv Network

The amazing black hole at the heart of our galaxy exploded a massive flame of radiation 3.5 million years ago that would have been clearly visible from Earth.

In a new study soon to be published in the Astrophysical Journal, my colleagues and I found that the flame left traces in a gas find called the Magellanic Flow which is about 200,000 a light year away and circling the Milk Trail.

The team includes Ralph Sutherland and Brent Groves at the Australian National University and ASTRO-3-D; Magda Guglielmo, Wen Hao Li and Andrew Curzons at the University of Sydney; Philip Maloney at the University of Colorado; Gerald Cecil at the University of Carolina; and Andrew J. Fox at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore.

The discovery changes our view of the central black hole of our galaxy, which has been dormant throughout the recorded history of humans. Astronomers are coming to recognize that it has been very active, even explosive, in the relatively recent past in pathological terms (measured in millions of years).

This action has been blinking on and off for billions of years. We don’t understand why this action is interim, but it has something to do with how stuff is thrown on the black hole. Depending on their size, it may look like raindrops on a hot plate that showers and explodes chaotically.

Our situation on Earth is similar to living near a largely dormant volcano like Mount Vesuvius that is known to have been eruptively active in the past, with disastrous consequences for Pompeii.

Nonetheless, there is no need to be intimidated: as far as we can tell, we are safe here in orbit about a cool rippling star far from the center of the Milky Way.

Radiation sprays out of the hot spinning gas around the horrible black hole at the center of the Milky Way, leaving traces in the Magellanic Stream. Credit: James Josephides / Swinburne University
Why is there a black hole in the center of the galaxy?

If you look at the Milky Way in the direction of the Sagittarius constellation, you can see the dense orbit of the stars around the center of the constellation. The galactic center is characterized by a large collection of densely packed stars orbiting the horrible black hole.

Earlier this year, the ESO Gravity team found a star near the black hole traveling at up to 10,000 km per second, a few percent of the speed of light. This allowed them to pressurize the black hole to a precision of 1%, reaching several times about 4 million times the mass of the sun.

As supermassive galactic black holes go, this is featherweight. For example, the nearby galaxy Andromeda has a very interesting black hole, but it is 50 times heavier than ours.

In fact, every major galaxy has huge black holes. We do not know for sure why this is true, but we do know that it is important and that the growth rates of these monsters seem to have affected the galaxy as a whole.

Understanding the effects of interactions between black holes and host galleries is one of the hottest topics in today’s astronomy.

Enhanced radio image of Centaurus A. The inset image moves in on the jets coming from the black hole in the middle. Credit: CSIRO / ATNF; ATCA; ASTRON; Parkes; MPIfR; ESO / WFI / AAO (UKST); MPIfR / ESO / APEX; NASA / CXC / CfA
Some black holes are more active than others

But if we look around the globe, we only see a small percentage of galleries with “active” black holes. By being active, we cause gas and stars to spin into the black hole creating an extremely hot gas ring.

This ring, called a generating disk, becomes so hot that it drives jets, winds and rays of light propagating across the constellation. The effects of these explosions are particularly impressive in large galleries.

For decades, Australian radio telescopes have mapped jet maps that are far larger than the visible galaxy in the center.

The radio jets in the Centaurus A galaxy extend more than 10 degrees across the sky – that’s the size of 20 full moons next to each other. This is amazing since Centaurus A is 10 million light years away.

Radiation behavior from the black hole collection disk revolves in different directions over thousands of years. Credit: Phil Hopkins / Caltech
The Milky Way explosion

About 3 million years ago, our direct ancestor Australopithecus afarensis walked Earth. They may have been looking up to Sagittarius and seeing cones of light shining on all sides from the Milky Way, brighter than any star in the night sky.

The beacons would have appeared as static bumps on a human time frame, simply flashing on time frames of thousands of years. Today, the only visible part of that very powerful event is the cooling gas throughout the distant Magellanic Stream.

So how would life on Earth have prospered if the explosive jet had been directed directly at us? This is a valid question, because we assume that the spinning axis of the collection disc moves around wildly in light black holes.

If the behavior marked the solar system, the jet would have to be plowed through the Milky Way disc, and it would take about 10 million years to reach us.

So it’s possible that an older explosion could have resulted in a powerful jet that has yet to reach us.

But we don’t have to worry – at the highest point, the intensity of the pier when it reaches us is unlikely to be higher than the liveliest solar flames. These are known to destroy satellites, and pose a threat to space-walking astronauts, but our very own feelings largely protect us on Earth.

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