SuperCam Perseverance Rover science instrument delivers first results – NASA’s Mars Exploration Program


Data from the powerful science machine includes the sounds of his laser moving a rock to test what it has done.


The first readings from the SuperCam instrument aboard the NASA Perseverance rover have arrived on Earth. SuperCam was developed in collaboration with Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in New Mexico and a consortium of French research laboratories under the auspices of the National Center d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES). The instrument delivered data to the French Space Agency’s operating center in Toulouse that incorporates the first sound of laser zaps on another planet.

This image shows a close-up of the rock target called “Máaz” from the SuperCam instrument on NASA’s Mars Perseverance rover.  It was built with SuperCam's Remote Micro-Imager (RMI).

SuperCam close-up of ‘Máaz’: This image shows a close-up of the rock target named “Máaz” from the SuperCam instrument on NASA’s Mars Perseverance rover. It was built with SuperCam’s Remote Micro-Imager (RMI). “Máaz” means Mars in the Navajo language. Credits: NASA / JPL-Caltech / LANL / CNES / CNRS. Full image and title ›

“It’s amazing to see SuperCam working so well on Mars,” said Roger Wiens, lead researcher for Perseverance’s SuperCam instrument from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. “When we first dreamed of this instrument eight years ago, we were concerned that we were too ambitious. Now it’s up there working like a charm. ”

“The sounds obtained are of amazing quality,” says Naomi Murdoch, a research scientist and lecturer at the ISAE-SUPAERO school of aerospace engineering in Toulouse. “It’s amazing to think that we’re going to do science with the first sounds ever recorded on the surface of Mars! ”

On March 9, the mission released three SuperCam audio files. Retrieved just about 18 hours after landing, when the mast remained stuck on the rover’s deck, the first file captures the faint sounds of a Martian wind.

The first audio recording of sounds on Mars: This recording was made by the SuperCam instrument on NASA’s Perseverance rover on February 19, 2021, just about 18 hours after it landed on the first sol or Martian day of the mission. The rover’s mast, with the microphone, was still stuck on the Perseverance deck, so the sound is muffled, a bit like the sound he hears listening to a shell or a hand cut over the ears. Just a little wind can be heard. Credits: NASA / JPL-Caltech / LANL / CNES / CNRS / ISAE-Supaero. Download audio ›

The wind is easier to hear, especially around the 20-second signal, in the second sound file, recorded on the rover’s fourth Martian day, or sol.

SuperCam Perseverance Rover records wind on Mars: This recording was made on February 22, 2021, on the fourth sol (Martian day) with a SuperCam instrument on NASA’s Perseverance rover after the rover’s mast was installed. It delivers a completely different sound than the SuperCam audio recording from the first sol at the mission. A slight gust is heard, especially about 20 seconds into the recording. Rover background noises were removed. Credits: NASA / JPL-Caltech / LANL / CNES / CNRS / ISAE-Supaero. Download audio ›

SuperCam’s third file, from Sol 12, features laser zapping sounds hitting a 30-hour rock target at a distance of about 10 feet (3.1 meters). Some zaps sound a little louder than others, giving information about the physical structure of the targets, such as how hard they are.

The first acoustic recording of laser beams on Mars: This is the first acoustic recording of laser effects on a rock target on Mars since March 2, 2021, the 12th sol (Martian day) from PersCverance SuperCam instrument. The sounds of 30 effects are heard, some slightly louder than others. Differences in the intensity of the zapping sounds will provide information about the physical structure of the targets, such as the severity or weather cover. The target, Máaz (“Mars” in Navajo), was about 10 feet (3.1 m) away. Credits: NASA / JPL-Caltech / LANL / CNES / CNRS / ISAE-Supaero. Download audio ›

“I would like to extend my sincere thanks and congratulations to our international partners at CNES and the SuperCam team for being part of this important journey with us,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for science at NASA Headquarters in Washington. “SuperCam really gives our rover eyes to see promising rock samples and ears to hear what it’s like when the flames hit them. This information will be essential when we determine which samples will be deposited and finally return to Earth through our state-of-the-art Mars Sample Return Campaign, which will be one of the most progressive actions taken by humanity. ever. ”

The SuperCam team also received an excellent first dataset from a visible and infrared instrument (VISIR) sensor in addition to its Raman spectrometer. VISIR collects light seen from the Sun to study the mineral content of rocks and sediments. This device adds the Raman spectrometer, which uses a green laser beam to stimulate the chemical bonds in a sample to produce a signal depending on which elements are bonded together. , which in turn gives an insight into the mineral composition of a rock.

“This is the first time an instrument has used a Raman spectroscope anywhere but on Earth! ”Said Olivier Beyssac, director of CNRS research at the Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie in Paris. “The Raman spectroscope plays a vital role in identifying minerals to gain a deeper insight into the geological conditions under which they were created and to identify organic and mineral molecules that may be formed by living organisms. ”

SuperCam Calibration Target on Mars

SuperCam Calibration Target on Mars: Stitched together from five images, this mosaic shows the calibration target for the SuperCam instrument aboard NASA’s Perseverance rover on Mars. The component images were taken by SuperCam remote microcontroller (RMI). Credits: NASA / JPL-Caltech / LANL / CNES / CNRS. Full image and title ›

More about the mission

SuperCam is operated by Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, where the Body Unit of the instrument was developed. That part of the instrument includes several spectrometers, electronic control and software.

The Crann Unit was developed and built by several laboratories of CNRS (French National Center for Scientific Research) and French universities under the contractual authority of CNES. Calibration targets on the deck rover are provided by the University of Valladolid in Spain.

The main goal of the Perseverance mission on Mars is astrobiology, involving the discovery of signs of microbial old life. The rover will mark the geology of the planet and the climate of the past, pave the way for human study of the Red Planet, and will be the first mission to collect Martian rock and regolith and accumulate (broken rock and dust).

NASA’s subsequent missions, in collaboration with ESA (European Space Agency), would send spacecraft to Mars to collect these sealed samples from the surface and bring them back to Earth for miniature space. in-depth study.

The Mars 2020 Sustainability mission is part of NASA’s approach to Moon to Mars, which includes Artemis missions to the Moon that will help prepare for a human exploration of the Red Planet.

JPL, built for NASA by Caltech in Pasadena, California, and manages the operation of the Perseverance rover.

For more about Sustainability:

mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/

nasa.gov/perseverance

Contact news media

DC Agle
Jet Dedication Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
818-393-9011
[email protected]

Alana Johnson / Gray Hautaluoma
NASA Headquarters, Washington
202-672-4780 / 202-358-0668
[email protected]/[email protected]

Sart Raphaël
Center d’Etudes Spatiales, Paris
+33 (0) 1 44 76 74 51
[email protected]

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