India became the fourth country to approve a coronavirus vaccine developed by Oxford University and AstraZeneca, allowing the spread of the vaccine in the coming weeks in the country with the second highest number of diseases.
What we know about the race to deliver vaccines to help end the pandemic of coronavirus, which has killed more than 1.8 million people worldwide:
WHO CAN?
U.S. drugmaker Pfizer and German partner BioNTech have been Covid-19 vaccine trailblazers.
On November 18, they became the first in the world to release full end-of-term test data. Britain was the first to approve the design for emergency use on Dec. 3, followed by Canada on Dec. 9 and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Dec. 11. Several other countries, including Saudi Arabia and Mexico, have allowed it.
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved the bullet on December 21 and India is accelerating its review.
The World Health Organization on Thursday scheduled the vaccine for use in emergencies, in a move that sought to gain access to it in the developing world.
WHAT ABOUT MODERNA?
Moderna Inc was very close to Pfizer in many countries after it released a full data analysis for an end-of-period test on November 30 showing a 94.1% efficacy rate for its vaccine.
The United States approved the Moderna vaccine on December 19, while Canada approved the design on December 23 and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) will do so on January 6.
ASTRAZENECA
India’s agreement on a two-dose version of the AstraZeneca vaccine, Covishield, which has also received the green light with Britain, Argentina and El Salvador, is a huge win for a bullet that is seen as essential for mass vaccination.
Questions about the robustness of their test data have evaluated the approval process.
The British company released interim test data at a late November rate showing that two full doses were 62% effective while half-doses and full doses were 90% successful – but regulators did not. UK the more successful result of standing up to analysis.
AstraZeneca is also in talks with the European Medicines Agency of the European Union, which is conducting an ongoing review of the vaccine.
WHO ELSE IS RUNNING?
U.S. drug dealer Johnson & Johnson expects to deliver test data in January, approaching it for U.S. authorization in February if its view is effective. He reduced the enrollment target for his clinical trial to 40,000 volunteers from 60,000 on Dec. 9, potentially faster results linked to how quickly participants become infected.
The US company Novavax is running a late trial in Britain with data due in the first quarter of 2021. They plan to start a major lawsuit in the United States this month.
However, French Sanofi and British GlaxoSmithKline announced a halt on December 11 in their efforts to develop a vaccine. The drug dealers said they did not show an adequate immune response in the elderly in midterm trials and would begin a new study in February.
WHAT IS A TROUBLE?
The companies usually test their placebo vaccines – usually saline solution – in healthy volunteers to see if the level of Covid-19 infection among those who have been vaccinated is good. lower than in those who received the bullet.
HOW ARE VOLUNTEERS INFECTED?
The tests depend on subjects being naturally infected with Covid-19, so the time it takes to generate results is highly dependent on the risk of the virus where tests are performed. Each drug dealer has targeted a specific number of diseases to trigger the initial analysis of their data.
HOW ARE THE VACCINES MADE TO WORK?
The World Health Organization desperately wants to see at least 70% efficiency. The FDA requires at least 50% – that means that volunteers who received a placebo must have at least twice as many infections as those in the vaccine group. The EMA has stated that it may adopt a lower level of efficiency.
WHAT ABOUT RUSSIA AND CHINA?
Although the Pfizer bullet is the first to be released after the release of full Phase III test data, Russia and China have been infusing their citizens for months with several different vaccines. still going through end-of-level tests.
China on Dec. 31. approved its first Covid-19 vaccine for general public use, a bullet developed by a relative of state-backed pharmaceutical giant Sinopharm. The company said it is 79% effective against the virus.
Russia reported on November 24 that its Sputnik V vaccine, developed by the Gamaleya Institute, was 91.4% effective based on end-of-period interim test results. He started the vaccine in August and has so far absorbed more than 100,000 people.
India plans to make 300 million doses of Sputnik V next year and Argentina has given the green light for emergency use of the picture, with around 300,000 doses reaching of the country on December 24.
China launched an emergency deployment program in July targeting critical workers and others at high risk of infection. It has vaccinated around one million people in mid – November using at least three beats – 1 developed by the state – backed National Biotec Group of China (CNBG) and one by Sinovac Biotech.
Test data on Covid-19 vaccine developed by Sinovac Biotech in China have been mixed: interim data from an end-of-period trial in Turkey showed that its CoronaVac bullet is 91.25% effective, while in which researchers in Brazil say the bullet was more than 50% effective.
The United Arab Emirates, meanwhile, said on December 9 that one of the CNBG vaccines was 86% effective based on interim results from an end-of-period trial in the Gulf Arab state.
What we know about the race to deliver vaccines to help end the pandemic of coronavirus, which has killed more than 1.8 million people worldwide:
WHO CAN?
U.S. drugmaker Pfizer and German partner BioNTech have been Covid-19 vaccine trailblazers.
On November 18, they became the first in the world to release full end-of-term test data. Britain was the first to approve the design for emergency use on Dec. 3, followed by Canada on Dec. 9 and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Dec. 11. Several other countries, including Saudi Arabia and Mexico, have allowed it.
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved the bullet on December 21 and India is accelerating its review.
The World Health Organization on Thursday scheduled the vaccine for use in emergencies, in a move that sought to gain access to it in the developing world.
WHAT ABOUT MODERNA?
Moderna Inc was very close to Pfizer in many countries after it released a full data analysis for an end-of-period test on November 30 showing a 94.1% efficacy rate for its vaccine.
The United States approved the Moderna vaccine on December 19, while Canada approved the design on December 23 and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) will do so on January 6.
ASTRAZENECA
India’s agreement on a two-dose version of the AstraZeneca vaccine, Covishield, which has also received the green light with Britain, Argentina and El Salvador, is a huge win for a bullet that is seen as essential for mass vaccination.
Questions about the robustness of their test data have evaluated the approval process.
The British company released interim test data at a late November rate showing that two full doses were 62% effective while half-doses and full doses were 90% successful – but regulators did not. UK the more successful result of standing up to analysis.
AstraZeneca is also in talks with the European Medicines Agency of the European Union, which is conducting an ongoing review of the vaccine.
WHO ELSE IS RUNNING?
U.S. drug dealer Johnson & Johnson expects to deliver test data in January, approaching it for U.S. authorization in February if its view is effective. He reduced the enrollment target for his clinical trial to 40,000 volunteers from 60,000 on Dec. 9, potentially faster results linked to how quickly participants become infected.
The US company Novavax is running a late trial in Britain with data due in the first quarter of 2021. They plan to start a major lawsuit in the United States this month.
However, French Sanofi and British GlaxoSmithKline announced a halt on December 11 in their efforts to develop a vaccine. The drug dealers said they did not show an adequate immune response in the elderly in midterm trials and would begin a new study in February.
WHAT IS A TROUBLE?
The companies usually test their placebo vaccines – usually saline solution – in healthy volunteers to see if the level of Covid-19 infection among those who have been vaccinated is good. lower than in those who received the bullet.
HOW ARE VOLUNTEERS INFECTED?
The tests depend on subjects being naturally infected with Covid-19, so the time it takes to generate results is highly dependent on the risk of the virus where tests are performed. Each drug dealer has targeted a specific number of diseases to trigger the initial analysis of their data.
HOW ARE THE VACCINES MADE TO WORK?
The World Health Organization desperately wants to see at least 70% efficiency. The FDA requires at least 50% – that means that volunteers who received a placebo must have at least twice as many infections as those in the vaccine group. The EMA has stated that it may adopt a lower level of efficiency.
WHAT ABOUT RUSSIA AND CHINA?
Although the Pfizer bullet is the first to be released after the release of full Phase III test data, Russia and China have been infusing their citizens for months with several different vaccines. still going through end-of-level tests.
China on Dec. 31. approved its first Covid-19 vaccine for general public use, a bullet developed by a relative of state-backed pharmaceutical giant Sinopharm. The company said it is 79% effective against the virus.
Russia reported on November 24 that its Sputnik V vaccine, developed by the Gamaleya Institute, was 91.4% effective based on end-of-period interim test results. He started the vaccine in August and has so far absorbed more than 100,000 people.
India plans to make 300 million doses of Sputnik V next year and Argentina has given the green light for emergency use of the picture, with around 300,000 doses reaching of the country on December 24.
China launched an emergency deployment program in July targeting critical workers and others at high risk of infection. It has vaccinated around one million people in mid – November using at least three beats – 1 developed by the state – backed National Biotec Group of China (CNBG) and one by Sinovac Biotech.
Test data on Covid-19 vaccine developed by Sinovac Biotech in China have been mixed: interim data from an end-of-period trial in Turkey showed that its CoronaVac bullet is 91.25% effective, while in which researchers in Brazil say the bullet was more than 50% effective.
The United Arab Emirates, meanwhile, said on December 9 that one of the CNBG vaccines was 86% effective based on interim results from an end-of-period trial in the Gulf Arab state.