According to the report, about 67% of workers in government ministries are in a labor dispute, and about 49% of labor disputes in government ministries remain open for more than two years. This is despite the employment security enjoyed by workers, which is expressed in an average 13 years of experience. 5 years in the private sector.
The education system
Since 2012, the number of jobs in the government education system has increased by 23% and the number of employees has increased by 25%, while the number of students has increased by only 18%. The number of students per teacher is one of the lowest in the OECD countries.
The reforms in the education system increased the salary of teachers in the entire education system by tens of percent and in 2019 it stood at about NIS 38.6 billion. However, there is no improvement in the skills of teaching staff, and they are among the lowest in OECD countries.
Israel leads the pay gap between veteran and young teachers among OECD countries. This is due to the seniority component, which is the most dominant in determining the salaries of teachers in Israel, as reflected in the salary gaps between beginning teachers and veteran teachers. In addition, the seniority component of teachers is an incentive not to advance to management positions.
Teachers’ salaries are not low by international standards. The ratio of teachers’ salaries to those of other full-time post-secondary educators in Israel is higher than the same ratio, on average, in OECD countries. This is despite the fact that teaching staff in Israel work significantly fewer hours than their counterparts in Europe, on average between 23% and 34% less.
The lack of overlap between the parents’ vacation days and the vacation days in the education system constitutes a market failure, leading to a loss of billions of shekels a year for the economy. Approximately 3.7% of teaching hours in Israel are performed by substitutes. Among the teaching staff – most of the hours are filled by teachers at the beginning of their journey.
Government offices
There are 36,295 jobs in government ministries, with an average salary of NIS 16,991 full-time.
The median seniority in government ministries (13 years) is significantly higher than the median seniority in the workplace in the entire economy (5 years) . And About one-fifth of my reports The monthly attendance of employees is not in respect of actual work, a figure equivalent to one working day per week.
About 67% of government office workers are in a labor dispute. About 50% of disputes remain open for more than two years. This is despite the employment stability, the accompanying conditions, the level of wages and the rate of increase.
The government health system
In the government health system, there are 33,675 employees with an average salary of NIS 18,990 full-time. System workers lead wages in the government sector, and alongside job security, work in the government health system is also characterized by high wages relative to the private sector – 81% of workers earn above the average wage in the economy.
Employees in the ranking of doctors have the highest average income in the health system, with a significant difference from the rest of the rankings. In addition, the ranking of physicians is characterized by the highest salary gaps between young and old – a gap of 5 times. The physicians’ agreement in 2011 led to a very significant increase in physicians’ salaries, but also created differences in the rate of physicians’ salaries by positions. Has risen in the last decade at the highest rate – 83%.
The average salary of GPs who started working in 2010 has risen by 123.6% over the decade from the day they took office. The state encourages doctors to work in peripheral hospitals, so the salaries of doctors in hospitals in the periphery are thousands of shekels higher than their salaries in the hospitals in the center – NIS 41,400, compared to NIS 33,400, respectively.
A special study based on a broad and comprehensive database examined the effectiveness of the reforms made in 2011 to attract medical interns to the periphery and distressed professions, and in particular the grants program. It was found that the reforms, which cost an estimated NIS 2 billion, had little effect on attracting interns to the periphery, and no clear evidence was found of attracting interns to distressed professions. These results raise a question mark over viability in relation to cost. In addition, alternative tools are presented for achieving the goals – attracting doctors to the periphery and professions in distress.
security system
The job rates in the defense system are the highest of all systems and are at an average of 100% job rate. Also, wages are paid globally. This difference helps reduce wage gaps between men and women that often result from gaps in additional work.
The average salary in the IDF is NIS 22,497 for significant permanent personnel, and NIS 19,697 for civilian workers. In the police the average salary is NIS 18,305. In the secret bodies the average salary is NIS 29,244, and in the IPS it is NIS 17,047.
The amount of pension payments to a retiree from the IDF (on average) is NIS 7.72 (non-capitalized), an amount higher than that paid in other bodies. It should also be noted that IDF retirees receive an increase in their pension (“increases in the Chief of Staff”). Examination of the correctness of this payment is currently under discussion in the High Court.
The IDF must convene for an average allowance of NIS 12,000 for officers retiring from 2025 onwards (at 2015 prices). The average allowance paid to retiring officers is currently higher than the said amount.