Particle physicists confirm the presence of Odderon | Physics

Physicians from TOTEM (TOTAL cross-section, Elastic scattering measurement and emission separation measurement) Collaboration at Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and Fermilab’s DØ Collaboration have found strong new evidence for the odderon, tri-gluon state accessible expected nearly five decades ago.

View of the tunnel where TOTEM test proton detectors are located.  Image Credit: TOTEM Collaboration.

View of the tunnel where TOTEM test proton detectors are located. Image Credit: TOTEM Collaboration.

States with two, three or more gluons are usually called glueballs, and are special objects made up of the carriers of the strong force.

With the advent of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) theorists predicted the odderon in 1973.

Determining survival is a major experimental challenge, however, requiring precise quantification of proteins while observing each other in high-energy crashes.

While most high-energy accidents cause proteins to break down into their quarries and their proportional gluons, about 25% are elastic accidents where the proteins are still intact. but appearing on slightly different paths.

“Our result explores the deepest features of quantum chromodynamics, in particular the fact that gluons interact with each other and that a strange number of gluons can be ‘colorless,’ thus protecting the strong interaction, ”said TOTEM spokesperson Dr Simone Giani, a physicist at CERN.

“A unique feature of this work is that the results are obtained by combining LHC and Tevatron data at different energies. ”

TOTEM measures small movements in proton-proton scattering (pp) using two 220 m located detectors on either side of the CMS test, while DØ used a similar position at the Tevatron proton-scattering machine. antiproton (pp̄).

Physicists compared LHC pp data (recorded at pulse energy of 2.76, 7, 8 and 13 TeV and rounded to 1.96 TeV), with Tevatron pp̄ data measured at 1.96 TeV.

The odderon would be expected to add different signals to pp and pp̄ scatter.

Supporting this picture, the two data sets disagree at a rate of 3.4σ, providing evidence for the channel exchange of a colorless gluonic substance, C-corr.

“When combined with the output ρ and full division at 13 TeV, the significance is in the range 5.2-5.7σ and therefore makes up the first experimental observation of the odderon,” said Dr. Christophe Royon, physicist at the University of Kansas. ”

“This is a real find by CERN / Fermilab.”

The results appear on the arXiv.org introductory server.

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VM Abazov et al. (TOTEM Collaboration & DØ Collaboration). 2021. Comparison of elastic cross-sections of pp and pp¯ and observation of C-odd colorless gluonic fertilizer exchange. CERN-EP-2020-236, FERMILAB-PUB-20-568-E; arXiv: 2012.03981

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